zik1 si2即使
Jyutpingzik1 si2
Yalejīk sí
Definition
Even if; even though.
writtenother
How it's used
Functions as a formal connector that introduces a hypothetical concession. While common in written Cantonese, it often sounds slightly more literary or emphatic when used in casual speech compared to the more frequent 就算 or 縱使. It is typically paired with 都 or 亦 to emphasize that the outcome remains unchanged regardless of the condition.
Examples
Even if it rains heavily, he still goes running as usual.
Even if you don't like it, don't say it out loud.
Related words
Common mistake
Learners often mistakenly use it as a direct substitute for 就算, but 即使 carries a stronger sense of deliberate concession. It is less common in very relaxed, informal banter where 就算 or 哪怕 feels more natural.
Grammar color guide
Noun
Verb
Adjective
Adverb
Pronoun
Classifier
Particle
Connector
Grammar guides
- TonesCantonese has six tones, and the tones can change in certain grammatical contexts. Learn the six tones and the rules for tone change.
- Time and datesClock time, days of the week, months, and years. The patterns you need to make plans and talk about when things happen.
- Modal verbsHow to say can, will, may, should, must, and want. The core modal verbs of Cantonese and the differences that trip up beginners.
