pan4 lam4瀕臨濒临
Jyutpingpan4 lam4
Yalepàhn làhm
Definition
On the verge of, close to, or nearly.
writtendescriptionsother
How it's used
Used primarily in formal or written contexts to describe a state of being on the brink of a negative outcome. While it functions as an adverb, it is almost exclusively paired with verbs indicating collapse, extinction, or failure. It carries a sense of gravity and urgency that makes it sound unnatural in casual, lighthearted conversation.
Examples
The company is on the verge of bankruptcy, and everyone is very worried.
This kind of animal is on the verge of extinction, we must protect it well.
Related words
Common phrases
on the verge of extinction
on the verge of a breakdown
Common mistake
Learners often mistake this for a general synonym for 'nearly' or 'almost', but it cannot be used for everyday situations like 'nearly finished eating' or 'nearly arrived'. It is reserved for serious, often catastrophic, circumstances.
Grammar color guide
Noun
Verb
Adjective
Adverb
Pronoun
Classifier
Particle
Connector
Grammar guides
- TonesCantonese has six tones, and the tones can change in certain grammatical contexts. Learn the six tones and the rules for tone change.
- Time and datesClock time, days of the week, months, and years. The patterns you need to make plans and talk about when things happen.
- Modal verbsHow to say can, will, may, should, must, and want. The core modal verbs of Cantonese and the differences that trip up beginners.
