jan1因
Jyutpingjan1
Yaleyān
Definition
To estimate, assess, or gauge.
colloquialdaily actions
How it's used
Pronounced as 'jan1' in this specific sense, this verb is almost exclusively used in spoken Cantonese to mean gauging or estimating space, distance, or time. It is frequently paired with the particle 吓 to soften the tone, turning it into a quick attempt at estimation. It is distinct from 估 which is a more general term for guessing or calculating.
Related words
Common mistake
Do not confuse this with the literary or formal word 因 meaning 'because' or 'cause', which has a different pronunciation and usage. Learners often mistake it for a conjunction when they see it in writing, but in spoken Cantonese, it functions strictly as a verb for spatial or temporal estimation.
Grammar color guide
Noun
Verb
Adjective
Adverb
Pronoun
Classifier
Particle
Connector
Grammar guides
- NegationHow to say no, not, didn't, and don't in Cantonese. The four main negation words and when to use each one.
- Numbers and moneyCounting, talking about money, and asking how much things cost. Includes the two words for two and the everyday words for dollars and cents.
- Aspect markersCantonese has no tenses, but it does have aspect markers. Learn how zo2, gwo3, gan2, and hai2 dou6 show completion, experience, and ongoing action.
