pang4凴

Jyutpingpang4

Yalepàhng

Definition

To lean against, rely on, or act on the basis of; proof or evidence.

to lean against; to rely on; to depend on
on the basis of; according to
proof; evidence; certificate

neutralcommunicationother

How it's used

Commonly used in formal or argumentative contexts to demand evidence or justification for an action or claim. While it functions as a verb meaning to lean against, its abstract usage as a preposition meaning based on or relying upon is far more frequent in daily speech. It often appears in rhetorical questions when someone challenges the validity of another person's statement.

Examples

keoi5佢pang4凴mat1乜je5嘢waa2話ngo5我zou6做co3錯aa4呀？

On what basis does he say I did it wrong?

nei5你pang4凴loeng4良sam1心gong2講geoi3句gung1公dou6道waa6話laa1啦。

Speak a fair word based on your conscience.

Common phrases

pang4凴mat1乜

on what basis

pang4凴loeng4良sam1心

based on one's conscience

Common mistake

Learners often confuse this with 憑, which is the standard character used in modern writing for both the verb and the prepositional sense. While 凴 is a valid variant, 憑 is overwhelmingly more common in both formal and informal contexts.